The 34th Street district takes in the southern parts of Hell’s Kitchen and the Garment District and the northern part of Chelsea, and includes the Empire State Building to the east and Penn Station/Madison Square Garden to the west—in all, approximately 36 million square feet (3.4 million m2) of commercial space. At its decades-long peak, the area was famed as a shopping destination for New Yorkers and visitors. For much of the 20th century, however, it was Manhattan’s backyard, where land uses that New Yorkers would not countenance in their frontyard were allowed. Even as the city rebounded from near bankruptcy and the garbage strikes of the early 1980s, the blocks west of Seventh Avenue, beset by the familiar cycle of retail flight and urban decline, lagged behind. People still came to the area—midtown workers arriving at Penn Station, drivers using Lincoln Tunnel, tourists visiting the Empire State Building, people attending events at Madison Square Garden—but most left as fast as they could.
An 800,000-square-foot-urban shopping center with two anchor department stores, 85 smaller shops, and an entertainment component consisting of a nine-screen cinema, high-tech and virtual reality games, a ride simulator, and five theme nightclub/restaurants.
A 2,000-acre master-planned business and residential community located between the Missouri and Big Sioux rivers in the southeastern corner of South Dakota. The $800 million project, developed by Dakota Dunes Development Company, a subsidiary of MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company (MEC), features housing types ranging from apartments to custom homes. Dakota Dunes also includes two business parks comprising 500 acres of commercial/light-industrial land. Its amenities include a private Arnold Palmer “designed, championship 18-hole golf course, named the best in South Dakota by Golf Digest, a 20,000-square-foot clubhouse with dining and banquet facilities, a pro shop, and a snack bar, an enclosed year-round swimming pool, and tennis courts. The community has an extensive trail system that eventually will link with trails in nearby cities. As much an economic development as a community development project, Dakota Dunes is the result of cooperation among the developer, the state of South Dakota, and neighboring local governments.
One of the largest mixed-use projects ever attempted in the United Kingdom (U.K.), Brindleyplace is a master-planned development situated between the Birmingham and Brindley Loop canals in Birmingham, England, approximately 185 kilometers (115 miles) northwest of London. This seven-hectare (17-acre) project features office, retail, residential, and cultural uses surrounding public squares.
Adaptive use of a landmark 1923 office building located at the heart of Tokyo’s central business district, known as the Marunouchi District, facing the Imperial Palace. The redeveloped mixed-use building stands 37 stories (180 meters) high with total floor space of 1.7 million square feet (157,930 square meters). The project features more than 1.07 million square feet (99,960 square meters) of office space, 200,000 square feet (18,580 square meters) of retail space consisting of 100 shops and 40 restaurants, a multipurpose auditorium, six rental conference rooms, a business club, and 409 parking spaces. Owned and operated by Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd., the new Marunouchi Building has attracted over 13 million visitors to its shops and restaurants and generated Â¥17 billion (US$142 million) in revenue during the first six months of operation.
